Definition

1. Verb:
   • To make a baseless accusation, to falsely label someone: The primary meaning is to irresponsibly or maliciously attribute a negative label, political crime, or ideological mistake to someone without evidence. It implies a hasty, unfair, and often politically motivated accusation.
   • To frame, to pin a blame: To impose a false charge or an undeserved negative identity onto someone.

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Không nên chụp mũ người khác là phản động chỉ vì họ có ý kiến trái chiều. (You shouldn't falsely label someone as reactionary just because they have a different opinion.)
  • Anh ta bị chụp mũ tội ăn cắp mà không có bằng chứng. (He was falsely accused of theft without any evidence.)
  • Đó là một chiêu bài chụp mũ nhằm hạ uy tín của đối thủ chính trị. (That is a smear tactic intended to discredit a political opponent.)

Advanced Usage

• "bị chụp mũ": to be falsely accused/framed.

  • Nhiều nhà văn thời đó đã bị chụp mũ là có tư tưởng chống đối. (Many writers of that era were falsely branded as having oppositionist thoughts.)

• "hành động chụp mũ": the act of making baseless accusations.

  • Hành động chụp mũ đó đã phá hủy danh tiếng của ông ấy. (That act of making baseless accusations destroyed his reputation.)

Variants and Related Words

• Vu khống (verb): to slander, to libel. (Often used in legal contexts, similar but can be more general than , which often has a political/ideological connotation.)
• Bịa đặt (verb): to fabricate, to make up (a story, charge).
• Gán ghép (verb): to attach, to ascribe (often something negative) to someone.

Synonyms

• To smear: to damage the reputation of someone by false accusations.
• To brand/label falsely: to assign a false and damaging identity to someone.
• To frame (someone for something): to make someone appear guilty of a crime they did not commit.

Related Phrases/Idioms

• Chụp mũ chính trị: to make a political smear.

  • Chiến dịch đó đầy rẫy những lời chụp mũ chính trị. (That campaign was full of political smears.)

• Cái mũ: (literally "the hat") – Refers to the negative label itself.

  • Họ đội cho anh ấy cái mũ "phần tử xấu". (They put the "bad element" label on him.)

1. To charge thoughtlessly (someone) with (some ideological mistakẹ..)